TYPES OF DISEASES
1. Congential diseases.
These are inborn diseases which are present before birth due to defective heredity, physiological disturbance.
2. Acquired diseases.
They contracted after birth and are non-inheritable.
Acquired diseases are broadly differentiated into two types :-
A. Communicable or infectious diseases and,
A. Communicable or infectious diseases :-These diseases can be transmitted from an infected person to a healthy person by means of food, water, air, physical contact or by pathogens/Biological agents. so,are also called infectious diseases.
Depending upon the caustive agents communicable diseases are of following types :-
- Bacterial diseases e.g., whooping cough, leprosy, typhoid, syphilis etc.
- Viral diseases e.g., polio, chickenpox, common cold, rabies, AIDS, japanese encephalitis etc.
- Fungal diseases e.g., candidiasis, athlete's foot, ring worm etc.
- Protozoan diseases e.g., sleeping sickness, kala azar, malaria, amoebiasis etc.
- Rickettsial diseases e.g., Rocky mountain spotted fever, typhus fever, trench fever, Q-fever etc.
- Helminth diseases e.g., elephantiasis, trichinosis, taeniasis, liverrot etc.
B. Non-communicable or non-infectious diseases :- These diseases cann't be transmitted from an infected person to a healthy person by any means(like; air, water, food and physical or sexual contact).
These are further of following types on the basis of their caustive agents :-
- Deficiency diseases :- Diseases caused by absence of an essential element (e.g., kwashiorkor, goitet, anaemia, beri-beri etc.
- Degenerative diseases :- These occur due to degeneration of certain body tissue e.g., cardiovascular diseases, stroke diseases and arthritis.
- Allergiec diseases :- These occur due to hypersensitivity of an individual to a foreign substance or agent, known as allergens, e.g., asthma, hay fever, etc.
- Cancerous diseases :- These occur due to uncontrolled growth and division of cells in certain body tissue leading to tumor formation.
